Fluoroquinolones nursing pharmacology NCLEX quiz questions for students!
Fluoroquinolones, also called Quinolones, are a group of antibiotics used to treat various infections. The nurse should know what type of microorganisms this group of medications treat, how they work, side effects, and the nursing considerations for this antibiotic group.
Before taking the quiz, don’t forget to watch the quinolones lecture and review the lecture notes.
Fluoroquinolones (Quinolones) NCLEX Questions Quiz Nursing
Fluoroquinolones (Quinolones) Pharmacology Nursing Quiz Questions
1. Which of the following is a gram-positive infection that Fluoroquinolones can treat?
A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
B. Salmonella
C. Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
D. Streptococcus pneumoniae
The answer is D: Streptococcus pneumoniae. This is a gram-positive bacteria that is treated by quinolones. All the others are gram-negative infections.
2. You’re assessing a patient’s medication list. Which medication below is a Fluoroquinolone?
A. Streptomycin
B. Azithromycin
C. Moxifloxacin
D. Fidaxomicin
The answer is C: Moxifloxacin. Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside, and azithromycin and fidaxomicin are macrolides.
3. True or False: Fluoroquinolones are bactericidal.
The answer is TRUE. Quinolones kill bacteria, therefore, they are considered bactericidal.
4. Which of the following statements below are NOT true statements about how Fluoroquinolones work to treat a bacterial infection? Select-all-that-apply:
A. They kill bacteria.
B. They inhibit bacteria DNA replication.
C. They target the enzymes Helicase and DNA polymerase.
D. The bind with subunit 50S to inhibit protein translocation.
The answers are C and D. Fluoroquinolones are bactericidal (they kill bacteria), and they inhibit bacteria DNA replication. They do this by inhibiting the enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV (not Helicase or DNA polymerase). Option D is an incorrect statement because quinolones inhibit DNA replication (not the protein synthesis, which is described in option D).
5. Fill-in-the-blank: Fluoroquinolones mainly target the enzyme ______________ in gram-negative bacteria.
A. helicase
B. DNA gyrase
C. topoisomerase IV
D. DNA polymerase
The answer is B: DNA gyrase
6. Fill-in-the-blank: Fluoroquinolones mainly target the enzyme ______________ in gram-positive bacteria.
A. helicase
B. DNA gyrase
C. topoisomerase IV
D. DNA polymerase
The answer is C: topoisomerase IV
7. A patient is prescribed to take Ciprofloxacin. The nurse is educating the patient how to prevent crystalluria. What will the nurse include in patient teaching?
A. Taking the medication with food.
B. The importance of limiting fluid intake to 1 liter of fluid per day.
C. Taking the medication with at least 8 ounces of water and staying hydrated throughout the day.
D. Limiting sodium intake to 2 grams per day.
The answer is C. Ciprofloxacin can lead to the formation of crystals in the urine (crystalluria). This is because it could cause the urine to become alkaline. Therefore, the patient should be educated to stay hydrated while taking this medication. The patient should take it with at least 8 ounces of water and consume at least 2 liters of fluid per day (if not contraindicated).
8. Your patient has developed a prolonged QT interval while taking a Fluoroquinolone. You know this increases the patient’s chances of developing?
A. Crystalluria
B. Tendon inflammation and rupture
C. Third-degree heart block
D. Torsades de pointes
The answer is D: Torsades de pointes. A prolonged QT interval can occur with fluoroquinolones and lead to a lethal rhythm called Torsades de pointes. This is especially true if the patient is taking a Quinolone with another medication that can also prolong QT interval (ex: Amiodarone).
9. Which patient below is at most risk for developing tendon inflammation or rupture while taking a Fluoroquinolone?
A. A 30-year-old receiving treatment for a broken femur.
B. A 75-year-old with a history of diabetes and renal insufficiency.
C. A 50-year-old with COPD and heart failure.
D. A 40-year-old with osteoarthritis.
The answer is B. Older adults (>60 years old) are at risk for tendon inflammation and rupture, especially with the Achilles tendon being involved. This risk increases if the patient has diabetes or renal insufficiency. The nurse should educate the patient to immediately report pain, swelling, snap feeling or immobility.
10. Your patient is prescribed to take Ciprofloxacin by mouth and an antacid. Which option below correctly demonstrates the nurse knows how to administer these medications?
A. The nurse administers the Ciprofloxacin and then 2 hours later administers the antacid.
B. The nurse administers the Ciprofloxacin and one hour later administers the antacid.
C. The nurse administers the Ciprofloxacin and antacid together.
D. The nurse administers the antacid and then 2 hours later administered the Ciprofloxacin.
The answer is A. The nurse administers the Ciprofloxacin and then 2 hours later administers the antacid. Antacids decrease the absorption of oral quinolones. Therefore, the nurse should administer oral quinolones 6 hours AFTER administering antacids or 2 hours BEFORE an antacid.
11. Your patient is prescribed a Fluoroquinolone for the treatment of a urinary tract infection. The patient reports abdominal pain. The patient has a fever of 101.8’F and is experiencing frequent watery stools. What action should the nurse take?
A. Continue to monitor the patient for this is an expected side effect of this medication
B. Notify the physician and collect a stool culture
C. Administer a PRN dose of Loperamide (Imodium)
D. Keep the patient nothing by mouth (NPO) and hold all further doses of this medication
The answer is B. Fluoroquinolones can cause a superinfection known as C. diff (Clostridioides difficile) which presents with abdominal pain, fever, and watery stools. The nurse should notify the physician and collect a stool culture. This will test for a c. diff infection.
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