DKA vs HHNS NCLEX Questions

This quiz on DKA vs HHNS (Diabetic Ketoacidosis vs Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome) will test you on how to care for the diabetic patient who is experiencing these conditions. As the nurse, you must know typical signs and symptoms of DKA and HHNS, patient teaching, and expected medical treatments.

Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS) are both complication of diabetes mellitus, but there are differences between the two complications that you must know as a nurse.

This endocrine teaching series will test your knowledge on how to differentiate between the two conditions, along with a video lecture.

This quiz will test you on the following for the NCLEX exam:

• Signs and Symptoms of Diabetic Ketoacidosis vs Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome
• Causes of Diabetic Ketoacidosis vs Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome
• Patient education for DKA vs HHNS
• Treatments of Diabetic Ketoacidosis vs Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome

Lecture on DKA vs HHS

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DKA vs HHS Quiz

1. This complication is found mainly in Type 2 diabetics?

2. A patient is found to have a blood glucose of 375 mg/dL, positive ketones in the urine, and blood pH of 7.25. Which condition is this?

3. Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome would have all of the following signs and symptoms EXPECT?

A. Dry mucous membranes

B. Polyuria

C. Blood glucose >600 mg/dL

D. Kussmaul breathing

4. This condition happens gradually and is more likely to affect older adults?

5. A patient has an infection and reports not checking their blood glucose or regularly taking Metformin. What condition is this patient MOST at risk for?

A. DKA

B. HHNS

C. Metabolic alkalosis

D. Metabolic acidosis

6. Which patient population is most at risk for DKA?

A. Newly diagnosed diabetes

B. Middle-aged adults who are obese

C. Older-adults with Type 2 diabetes

D. None of the options

7. True or False: Osmotic diuresis is present in HHNS and DKA due to the kidney’s inability to reabsorb the excessive glucose which causes glucose to leak into the urine which in turn causes extra water and electrolytes to be excreted.

8. Which of the following is NOT a medical treatment for DKA and HHNS?

A. IV regular insulin

B. Istonic

C. Bicarbonate

D. IV potassium Solution

9. Which of the following is not a sign or symptom of Diabetic Ketoacidosis?

A. Positive Ketones in the urine

B. Oliguria

C. Polydipsia

D. Abdominal Pain

10. You are providing care to a patient experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis. The patient is on an insulin drip and their current glucose level is 300. In addition, to the insulin drip the patient also has 5% Dextrose 0.45% NS infusing in the right antecubital vein. Which of the following patient signs/symptoms causes concern?

A. Patient has a potassium level of 2.3

B. Patient complains of thirst.

C. Patient is nauseous.

D. Patient’s skin and mucous membranes are dry.

11. A patient is being discharged home after recovering from HHNS. Which statement by the patient requires patient re-education about this condition?

A. “I will monitor my blood glucose levels regularly.”

B. “This condition happens suddenly without any warning signs.”

C. “If I become sick I will monitor my blood glucose more frequently and drink lots of fluids.”

D. “It is important I take my medication as prescribed.”

Answer Key:

1. HHNS
2. DKA
3. D
4. HHNS
5. B
6. A
7. True
8. C
9. B
10. A
11. B
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